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LT. JAMES KIRK 101st PENNSYLVANIA

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This Carte-de-Visite shows a seated first lieutenant with frock coat open to show his vest, and his left shoulder strap clearly showing a 1^st Lieutenant’s rank bar. This is boldly signed on the reverse “Yours &c J.B. Kirk Hillsville Pa.” and bears a cancelled 2-cent tax stamp. This would date the card between Aug/Sept 1864 and Aug/Sept 1866, but we note Kirk seems to have a mourning badge on his left elbow, possibly something personal, but perhaps dating the image to the official mourning period for Lincoln. Kirk enlisted from Beaver County, PA, listing himself as age 24 and a machinist by profession. He was commissioned to date Dec. 3, 1861 as  2^nd Lieutenant of Co. H 101^st Pennsylvania and was promoted 1^st Lieutenant November 13, 1862. He was with the regiment at Plymouth when it was surrendered with the garrison of that town after a three-day siege in April 1864, was confined at Columbia, and was fortunate enough to be paroled March 1, 1865. He was officially mustered out as of 3/13/65. This may not affect the appearance of a mourning badge for Lincoln since Kirk may have been home on leave after his release when the image was taken and army paperwork, especially in the final days of the war, moved slowly.

The 101^st Pennsylvania organized at Pittsburgh on 12/1/1862 and served during the war in the 3^rd and 4^th Corps of the Army of the Potomac during the Peninsula Campaign where it was in the Siege of Yorktown, Battle of Williamsburg, and took serious casualties at Fair Oaks.  It was posted to Suffolk, VA, with the 7^th Corps as part of the Dept. of Virginia, from Sept. to Dec. 1862, and then to the 18^th Corps in the Dept. of North Carolina, was posted in New Bern and fought at Kinston, White Hall, and Goldsboro, and later was in the successful relief of Little Washington after the battle of Swift Creek. It was posted at Plymouth July 1863 to April 1864, took part in several expeditions, served at Roanoke briefly and was then sent back to Plymouth where it was caught up in the siege of the city and eventual surrender of the garrison, with the officers being sent to Macon and the enlisted men to Andersonville, where more than half died. The regimental organization was maintained, however, from those absent from the siege and a few exchanged prisoners and officially mustered out in June 1865.  [sr][ph:L]

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