The General is shown from the waist up wearing a light civilian jacket with a checkered vest and white shirt with dark bowtie. He is photographed in left profile.

Image is clear and clean. Paper and mount are very good. Bottom front of the mount is marked “C. D. FREDRICKS & CO.”

Reverse has a photographer’s mark for C. D. FREDRICKS … NEW YORK. Reverse also has a pencil inscription of “MARMADUKE.”

Major-General John Sappington Marmaduke was born near Arrow Rock, Mo., on March 14, 1833.  Brought up on his father's farm, with such preparation as he could get in country schools, he entered Yale college at the age of seventeen, and after spending two years there and one at Harvard he was appointed to the United States Military Academy, where he was graduated in 1857.

He served on frontier duty, was in the Utah expedition under Albert Sidney Johnston, and held the rank of second-lieutenant of the Seventh infantry when he resigned his commission to enter the service of the Confederate States, April 17, 1861.

With the commission of first-lieutenant of cavalry he was assigned to service with General Hardee, and soon after he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and on January 1, 1862, to colonel of the Third Confederate infantry, an Arkansas regiment.

At the battle of Shiloh his regiment bore the guiding colors of the brigade and captured the first prisoners of the day, and he was mentioned with praise in the official reports. In the second day's battle he was wounded and disabled, and while in hospital was recommended for promotion to the rank of brigadier-general.

He commanded his brigade of Arkansans during the siege of Corinth, and later was ordered to the Trans-Mississippi, and assigned to duty as a brigadier-general September 28th under General Hindman. In command of Hindman's cavalry division, brigades of Shelby and Bradfute, he rendered valuable services.

Taking a conspicuous part as a division commander in the battle of Prairie Grove he was warmly commended by General Hindman, who noted in his report that Marmaduke had apparently not been confirmed as brigadier, and declared that if the higher authorities had witnessed his valor at Shiloh and Prairie Grove, the honor would not be delayed.

In January, 1863, he led an expedition in Missouri and attacked Springfield, and defeated a considerable body of the enemy at Hartville, compelling by his maneuvers the withdrawal of General Blunt's army to Springfield and the destruction of a long chain of forts.  In April he made a more formidable expedition, leading the cavalrymen of Shelby, Greene, Carter and Burbridge to Cape Girardeau.

He defeated the Federals at Taylor's Creek May 11th, and commanded the heroic brigades of Shelby and Greene in the attack on Helena, July 4, 1863, his part of the action failing for want of support.  During Price's defense of Little Rock he commanded the cavalry of the army, which, fighting as the rear guard, was reported as "skillfully handled and behaved admirably. "

At this time occurred his duel with Brig-Gen. L. M. Walker, which resulted in the death of the latter. Marmaduke was put in arrest, but was ordered to resume command during pending operations, and subsequently was formally released by General Holmes.

On October 25, 1863, he attacked Pine Bluff with his division, but without success. At the opening of the Red river campaign, 1864, he held the line of the Ouachita, scouring the country in front to within 25 miles of Little Rock, and when Steele advanced to co-operate with Banks he harassed and delayed the Federal movement from the north to Camden to such an extent as to make it ineffectual, fighting gallantly at Elkin's Ferry, April 2d, 3d and 4th, and at Prairie d'Ane, April 9th.

On the 18th he won the brilliant action at Poison Spring, and at Jenkins' ferry he rendered important services.  In recognition of his valuable services Marmaduke was made a major-general, though his commission was not received until March 17, 1865.

In May and June, 1864, he was stationed on the Mississippi, and had a creditable encourter with A. J. Smith at Lake Village. With Sterling Price on the great Missouri raid of 1864, he commanded one of the three columns of division and was greatly distinguished. At the battle of Little Blue, October 21st two horses were killed under him while he was endeavoring to stem the onset of the enemy's forces which from this point forced Price to make a retreat.

He was in fierce battle on the 22nd 23d and on the 25th at Marais des Cygnes, was overwhelmed while guarding the rear, and made prisoner.  He was carried to Fort Warren, and there held until August, 1865.

After his release he took a journey to Europe for his health. In May, 1866, he returned to Missouri and engaged in the commission business until 1869, when he became superintendent of Southern agencies for an insurance company.

He was editor of various Missouri papers, 1871-74; in 1874 secretary of the State board of agriculture, and from 1875 to 1880 a member of the railroad commission of Missouri.  From 1885 to 1887 he held the honored position of governor of the State.

He died at Jefferson City, December 28, 1887 and is buried in Woodland-Old City Cemetery, Jefferson City, Missouri.  [AD] [ph:L]

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