This is the Burnside single shot percussion carbine, Model 1864, aka "5th model". It is a .54 caliber carbine manufactured by the Burnside Rifle Co., in Providence, Rhode Island. General Ambrose Burnside, was an official in the company before the war but was not involved in wartime development of the weapon. The Burnside carbine employed an unusual cone shaped metal cartridge for use in a percussion system. Period literature refers to the Model 1863, although none are marked with this date and collectors have referred to this model generally as the "5th model", however, that is not a contemporary term. Approximately 43,000 carbines of this model were produced, serial numbers were apparently reset to zero and run to around 43,000 overall. This model represented only modest improvements over the earlier models, most notably being the placement of a guide screw on the right side in the middle of the receiver, this improvement facilitated smoother operation during loading. Initial production, up to approximately 19,000, feature "Model 1864" stamped on the top of the breech, later production reverted back to use of the 1856 patent date. The barrel is stamped "Cast Steel", followed by a date, the date is weak or missing on most, this because the long and narrow stamp had to be centered on a round barrel, apparently most were not centered and the date at the end was simply lost, both the 1862 or the 1864 date seem to have been used but the date is obliterated or missing on most examples. Standard features include an iron buttplate, single iron barrel band, saddle riding bar and ring on left side, strap hook on bottom of butt, double hinged iron loading lever also serves as a trigger guard, hinged sight, chamber tapered for unique Burnside metal cartridge with a priming hole in the bottom for percussion.

Marks on top of frame "BURNSIDE PATENT / MARCH 25TH 1856". Barrel is marked "CAST STEEL 186_". Lock marked "BURNSIDE RIFLE CO. / PROVIDENCE = R. I." Serial number (32665) appears three times; on the top of the breech, top of the receiver, and inside on the loading lever. There is one small repair to the pin holding the loading lever; the small “arm” cracked and was repaired. There are two cartouches in the wood on the left side to indicate government inspection, additional inspector marks on various parts. Barrel length is 21 inches. Metal appearance is pleasing with original case color on much of the gun, bore is clean, rifling is sharp, wood has beautiful color with only minor dings and dents from age, fully functional. This is a beautiful weapon. [jet]

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